Evaluation of Potential Racial Disparities in CYP2C19-Guided P2Y12 Inhibitor Prescribing After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Mar;113(3):615-623. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2776. Epub 2022 Nov 19.

Abstract

Black patients suffer worse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than White patients. Inequities in antiplatelet prescribing may contribute to this health disparity. We compared P2Y12 inhibitor prescribing by race following CYP2C19 genotyping to guide antiplatelet therapy selection after PCI. Patients from 9 sites that performed clinical CYP2C19 genotyping after PCI were included. Alternative therapy (e.g., prasugrel or ticagrelor) was recommended for CYP2C19 no-function allele carriers, in whom clopidogrel is predicted to be less effective. The primary outcome was choice of P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel vs. alternative therapy) based on genotype. Of 3,342 patients included, 2,448 (73%) were White, and 659 (20%) were Black. More Black than White patients had a no-function allele (34.3% vs. 29.7%, P = 0.024). At hospital discharge following PCI, 44.2% of Black and 44.0% of White no-function allele carriers were prescribed alternative therapy. At the time of the last follow-up within 12 months, numerically fewer Black (51.8%) than White (56.7%) no-function allele carriers were prescribed alternative therapy (P = 0.190). However, the difference was not significant after accounting for other factors associated with P2Y12 inhibitor selection (odds ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.58-1.08). Alternative therapy use did not differ between Black (14.3%) and White (16.7%) patients without a no-function allele (P = 0.232). Among real-world patients who received CYP2C19 testing after PCI, P2Y12 inhibitor prescribing rates did not differ between Black and White patients. Our data suggest an absence of racial disparity in genotype-guided antiplatelet prescribing among patients receiving CYP2C19 testing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Clopidogrel / therapeutic use
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* / adverse effects
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists / adverse effects
  • Ticagrelor / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Clopidogrel
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19
  • Ticagrelor
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists
  • CYP2C19 protein, human